What does ethical egoism hold about morally right actions?

• A. They promote collective welfare
• B. They align with universal moral laws
• C. They are those that advance one's self-interest
• D. They adhere to established social contracts

Answer: (C)

Ethical egoism posits that the morally right actions are those that advance an individual's self-interest. This philosophical stance argues that individuals should act in ways that serve their own best interests, suggesting that prioritizing one’s own well-being is inherently moral. In this view, ethical behavior is closely tied to personal benefit, and individuals are encouraged to focus on actions that enhance their own lives and happiness.

This approach to ethics distinguishes itself from other moral theories. For example, the idea of promoting collective welfare or aligning with universal moral laws implies a consideration of others' interests or a broader societal perspective, which does not align with the core principle of ethical egoism. Likewise, the notion of adhering to established social contracts suggests a moral obligation to uphold agreements for the sake of societal harmony, rather than for self-interest. Ethical egoism emphasizes the primacy of individual concerns over collective or external moral standards, making it a unique viewpoint in the realm of ethical thought.