What does moral relativism suggest about moral judgments?

• A. They are absolute and universal
• B. They are determined by individual feelings
• C. They vary based on cultural and societal perspectives
• D. They are governed by utilitarian principles

Answer: (C)

Moral relativism posits that moral judgments are not universally applicable but instead vary significantly between cultures and societies. This perspective acknowledges that different cultural contexts can lead to differing moral standards and beliefs, suggesting that what is considered right or wrong is often influenced by societal norms, traditions, and circumstances. Thus, moral relativism encourages an understanding that ethics can differ dramatically based on where a person is located and the cultural framework they belong to.

This approach contrasts with ideas of moral absolutism, which asserts that certain moral principles are universally binding regardless of context. The concepts of individual feelings and utilitarian principles do not fully encapsulate the essence of moral relativism, which focuses more on external cultural influences rather than personal emotions or specific ethical frameworks aimed at maximizing utility.